The hepatosomatic index of the fish was determined by the use of equation cited by parmeswaran 1974. This paper not tobe cited without prior reference tothe. Hepatic tissue of 6 controls and 5 ee2 individuals was analyzed using histology to record hepatocyte counts, hepatosomatic index and structural differences. Liver forms important organ of the body, which has a role in the ovarian development. Canadian journal of zoology canadian science publishing. Bia was bia was also able to successfully reflect a notable statistical difference between treatments. Hepatosomatic index was calculated by comparing the total weight of fish and the weight of liver. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater fish oreochromis mossambicus in response to a plant nutrient article pdf available january 20 with 2,340 reads how we measure reads. The hepatosomatic index and protein content in wholebody fish were significantly affected by dietary met levels.
Studies on the fecundity f, gonadosomatic index gsi. Highest hepatosomatic index was noticed in stage iii 2. Hepatosomatic index of females and males of macrognathus aral bloch and schneider was determined separately fig 1. Effects of carotenoids on gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices 363lat. Feed conversion ratio fcr was significantly improved with the increase of dietary met level in diet to 28. These gsi and hsi alterations were accompanied by histopathological changes in liver, ovary as well as in. Hsi has been reported to decrease in fish exposed to high concentrations of cadmium and zinc. The energetic content and energyprotein ratio of the feeds were quantified. The gonadosomatic index, abbreviated as gsi, is the calculation of the gonad mass as a proportion of the total body mass. At the end of the feeding trial the viscerosomatic index vsi and hepatosomatic index hsi were analyzed based on total body weight and organ weights of the fish. The hepatosomatic index, brain water content, and muscle sarcoplasmic protein content as well as the activities of phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase.
Elasmobranchs are uncommon below 2000 meters depth and do not occur below 3000. The hsi was a significant, but a weak predictor of total glycogen levels. On the basis of gonadosomatic index the reproductive cycle of n. Pdf the selection of viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic. Biochemical composition and changes in biological indices. The biomarkers that were investigated were the hepatosomatic index hsi, 7ethoxyresorufinodeethylase erod activity and glutathiones. Maturityand fecundity ofarrowtooth atheresthesstomias. A simple condition index to be considered in prawn farming. This study aims to determine the effect of supplementation of lumbricus sp. The open access israeli journal of aquaculture bamidgeh.
Evaluation of fish body burdens and physiological responses in largemouth bass, spotted seatrout, striped mullet, and sunfish. Sheet 2 hepatosomatic index hsi and gonadosomatic index gsi. Reproductive aspects in addition to condition factor, gonadosomatic index gsi and hepatosomatic index hsi were. The physiological aspects did not show differences among the animals fed with the three types of feeds concerning metabolism, ammonia excretion and energy substrate, which was kept as a proteins. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater fish.
The mean weight gain and condition factor for fish fed the extruded diet was significantly greater than for those fed the steam pellet diets p hepatosomatic index hsi, ovarian cholesterol and serum. The use of hepatic and somatic indices and histological. It is the ratio of fish gonad weight to body weight, it is particularly helpful in identifying days and seasons of spawning, as the. Seasonal changes in condition, hepatosomatic index and. Hepatosomatic index hsi is defined as the ratio of liver weight to body weight. The size of the liver increases with depth of occurrence fig. Hsi is defined as liver weight and fish weight ratio. The hsi was calculated according to the method of rajaguru, 1992 17 by determining the weight of hepatopancreas as a percentage of the total live weight of the fish. Australia c csiro agriculture and food, aquaculture program, 306. Evaluation of weight changes, condition factor and. This index is frequently used as reporting point in.
Studies on length weight relationship, condition factor. Experimental data on behavioral, hepatosomatic, gonadosomatic. Lipid content of samples was determined by petroleum ether extraction using a soxtec system 2055 soxtec avanti. Condition factor and hepatosomatic index as estimates of energy. Seasonal changes in hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index. Condition factor and hepatosomatic index as estimates of. The open access israeli journal of aquaculture bamidgeh as from january 2010 the israeli journal of aquaculture bamidgeh ija. The results obtained indicated adverse effects on the gonads as well as on liver weight. The quality of feed can be improved by fermenting feedstuffs and supplementing with feed additives. Reproductive aspects in addition to condition factor, gonadosomatic index gsi and hepatosomatic index hsi were analyzed based on weight of the body length, total body weight and organ weights of the fish. Hepatosomatic index an overview sciencedirect topics.
Compared to the control, no differences in total weight gain and feed conversion of fish fed at 25% were observed sthilaire et al. Ee2 exposure on the hepatosomatic index and liver composition of adult danio rerio. An evaluation of the potential of bioelectrical impedance. A ttest indicated that there was no significant evidence of a difference for cell counts using imagej. Pdf gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater.
Circadian pattern of hepatosomatic index, liver glycogen and lipid content, plasma nonesterified fatty acid, glucose, t 3, t 4, growth hormone and cortisol concentrations in oncorhynchus mykiss held under different photoperiod regimes and fed using demandfeeders. Acetylcholinesterase, glutathione and hepatosomatic index. Measurement and analysis of condition factor cf, hepatosomatic index hsi and viscerosomatic index vsi are important in assessing food value in an animal, its health status and general well. Pdf plant nutrients have been used extensively and aggressively. The study of fillet quality and the growth performance of. Similarly the gonadosomatic index of the male fish i. Condition and health indicators of exploited marine fishes. Both condition factors perform better as predictors of energy content per unit body weight. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater. Variations in hepatosomatic index hsi and gonadosomatic. The same study also reported that there was an association between high renal cadmium with low hepatosomatic index in many fish species. Nitrite was determined according to the method of blaek 17, and nitrate as described by 18. Gross indices are sometimes indicative of toxicant effects.
Gsi and hepatosomatic index hsi of salmo trutta fario brown. Influence of dietary levels of lipid and vitamin e on. Condition factor, somatic condition factor and hepatosomatic index hsi were calculated as indirect indices of energy status and the accuracy of these indirect measures as predictors of energy status was investigated. Statistical analysis was carried out by using the bmdp. It provides an indication on status of energy reserve in an animal.
The selection of viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic issn. A hepatosomatic index hsi was computed by expressing the liver weight as a percentage of the rats body weight at the end of the experiment. Results of condition factor showed a significant decrease p. Fish body weight and weight of gonad gives the gonadosomatic index g. Pdf effects of copper on hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic. Pdf the effects of copper on gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic.
Biological aspect of nona tengra mystus gulio in khulna. Effect of heavy metals pollution on protein biosynthesis. Variations in hepatosomatic index hsi and gonadosomatic index gsi in fish heteropneustes fossilis exposed to higher sublethal concentration to arsenic and copper the effect of sub lethal concentration 1. At the end of the trial, hepatosomatic index hsi and viscerosomatic index vsi were calculated. The aim of this study was to examine how the biochemical composition of tissues varied with growth rate and condition in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua caught in the wild and kept in captivity. In females, hsi value attains its peak value in june and then following a gradual decrease reaches the lowest value in december. Hepatosomatic index, li ver water content, condition factor, lipid content and protein content were determined in the fish. The mean hepatosomatic index hsi in females increased progressively from september. Condition factor and hepatosomatic index as estimates of energy status in male three. Biological study the gonadosomatic index gsi, hepatosomatic index.
The present study investigates the response of three hepatic biomarkers in adult sea bass dicentrarchus labrax, linnaeus 1758 caged at a wastewater outlet of an oil refinery with fish caged at a pristine site used as controls. Gsi is the persentage of gonad weight and fish weight ratio including gonads that expressed gonadal changes quantitatively 14. Histopathological evaluation and image analysis liver specimens were quickly removed, immersed in 10 % formalin, dehydrated and embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 4. These recommend the suitability of magmeal in diets for nile tilapia fingerling. Hepatoprotective effect of mulberry morus nigra leaves. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater. The condition of the liver and of the whole body, as measured with the hepatosomatic index hsi and. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater fish oreochromis mossambicus in response to a plant nutrient. Growth performance, nutrient utilization of nile tilapia. Morphometric and gravimetric indices of two populations of. The lipid content of the liver also increases with depth, but levels off at about 2000 meters and a content of 6090% fig. Condition factor k in the present study, condition factor in e. The suppression of lipid deposition is a problem to be overcome in the culture of carp to allow a reduction of dietary protein and to improve carcass quality. Effects of different diets on the growth performance.
In a poor environment, fish usually have a smaller liver with less energy reserved in the liver. Cultured common carp is characterized by high lipid deposition in their flesh. In fed animals, the wet hepatosomatic index hsi w% and dry hepatosomatic index hsi dmgg increased to 7% at week 2 and 36 mgg at week 10 respectively, whereas in starved animals hsi w and hsi d decreased to 2. The value of hepatosomatic index was measured based on the equation below. Plasma glucose levels were significantly higher in the group treated with cortisol at 10 mgfish than in the controls on both sampling days, whereas liver glycogen content and hepatosomatic index were significantly lower in the cortisoltreated groups at day 30 but not at day 15. At first, fish was weighed for its weight, after that fish was dissected on ice. Abstract the seasonal changes in hepatosomatic index hsi, gonadosomatic index gsi and plasma estradiol. It is a tool for measuring the sexual maturity of animals in correlation to ovary development and testes development. The hepatosomatic index varied greatly in response to feeding frequency, as observed by 4. Effect of fermented seaweed addition on blood glucose.
Copper increased the hepatosomatic index, but decreased both the gonadosomatic index and the condition factor. To determine hsi, liver weights were determined using the formula. Hepatosomatic index was calculated as liver weight g fish weight kg and viscerosomatic index as weight of viscera g fish weight kg. A simple condition index to be considered in prawn farming sarah berrya,b,c, cedric simonc, andrew footea,b,c, dean jerrya,b and nick wade a,c a arc research hub for advanced prawn breeding b james cook university, college of science and engineering, james cook drive, townsville, qld, 4811. Circadian pattern of hepatosomatic index, liver glycogen. Hepatosomatic index hsi the hepatosomatic index was found to increase gradually from immature to ripe stages in female e.
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